Organic Chemistry Tutor Gauss

Organic Chemistry Tutor GaussGauss is a genius at organic chemistry that he likes to use to create explosives, but he doesn't have the grades that he needs to get into a good university. So, he applies to the Organic Chemistry Tutor Gauss and asks for an advancement to his test.When they get the test back they see that the score is four, and he can't believe it. His tutor tells him that it's better than he expected. They then ask him if he has any plans of taking college level courses, and he says that he'll have to wait until they are funded.The Organic Chemistry Tutor Gauss goes on to say that the last time there was funding for any classes was many years ago. When they were young boys the government funded a program that allowed kids to go to college and many of them, many of them did, so it was only right that they keep this plan alive.But now, because the funding was cut many years ago, organic chemistry tutor Gauss says that he thinks that the funding might be better utilized. So, instead of doing university work, they could go online and do that instead.The Organic Chemistry Tutor Gauss tells him that he's going to get to make the decision on this one, and they send him off with a book of tests to get through. Gauss takes the test and turns out to be perfect, so he gets an advanced placement in organic chemistry.The Organic Chemistry Tutor Gauss makes sure that he keeps that record, as he wants to make sure that he always uses Gauss for his advance class. However, they also want to make sure that he takes his progress seriously, and that he gets into university by taking classes online, so that he can get a great job.Then, the Organic Chemistry Tutor Gauss hands out assignments for him to get the advanced classes in organic chemistry, so that he can get into university. Then he starts helping the students with the assignments, and when the semester is over, he knows that he's done his duty and he's ready to graduate.The Organic Chemistry Tutor Gauss and the students then start on their own journey towards becoming advanced students in organic chemistry, and they all make their mark in college. They all finish college in amazing shape, and Gauss can't believe that they did it.

Educational games are they useful or not - ALOHA Mind Math

Educational games are they useful or not Most school going kids today are absorbed into the current media rich, universe, popularly known as the, “always connected” world. As Bill Gates (2005) noted in his address at the National Educational Summit on High Schools, “Training the workforce of tomorrow with the high schools of today is like trying to teach kids about today’s computers on a 50-year-old mainframe. It’s the wrong tool for the times.” Do you think of a need to reform the educational system which could effectively prepare students for a much more technology driven, interconnected and competitive “flat world”? Will educational games act as values addition or not to achieve this? Are these games worthwhile to play, or are they are just a waste of time for your children? Well, I think game-based learning helps to teach children important skills for future jobs such as collaboration, problem-solving, and communication. Games provide a practice for students to create solutions and understanding for the very real challenges and risks in a world and most importantly it is always easy to understand and reproduce concepts when learnt with a fun aspectattachedto it.In todays technological era there are certain computer-based games that can boost the working memory capacity which is a basic ingredient of intelligence and academic success. Wait benefits do not end here have you heardabout the video games which encourage kids to be helpful and friendly? Educational games can take on innumerable forms to accommodate childrens learning styles, It is very important for you to keep in mind the way your kids learn while you choose an educational software or game for them to use or play. I would suggest you to choose games like JumpStart,Elementary Advantage 2011, and Schooltown that will appeal to your kids and reinforce the things theyre learning in school too. Here are few interesting online games I came across: Whyville is a virtual world featuring games and activities for kids aged 8-14. The game teaches academic subjects like art history, civics, economics and ocean science. Free educational video games at the NASA website. These games there are mostly quick, casual games of logic, memory, or math. Nobel prize organizations free educational video games. Games include “The Diabetic Dog Game” (which teaches kids about caring for someone with diabetes) and “Lord of the Flies” based on the novel by William Golding. I have had fun playing few of these educational games, so why wont your Kids. Share with us any such game that you think have some commendable educational benefits.

Tips From an Irvine AP Tutor 5 Ways to Improve AP Essays

Tips From an Irvine AP Tutor 5 Ways to Improve AP Essays Private Irvine AP Tutor Tips: 5 Ways to Improve AP Essays Private Irvine AP Tutor Tips: 5 Ways to Improve AP Essays AP classes are well underway, and students are already practicing their essays that will be a make it or break it situation in May 2016. Unfortunately, some students wait until the very last minute to start practicing their essays, often resulting in a less than stellar score.  However, there are a few ways that students can start working on their AP essays now so that they can do well on their in-class assignments and exams as well as on the all-important AP exam. 1 Start small, think big AP students are encouraged to start small when it comes to their essay practice. Students who tried to write a four or five paragraph essay from start to finish and make it perfect the very first time, will often be left frustrated and disappointed. Teachers dont expect perfection straight away, which is why they start out small and go from there. Students are encouraged to write one paragraph at a time, taking breaks in between, or write one or two paragraphs and show it to their teacher or tutor before moving on (READ: Ask a Nerd! Grades and AP Classes). 2 Perfect the thesis The most important part of any essay is the thesis, without that the essay only goes downhill from there. Students should practice working on the thesis, and only the thesis before moving on. They can get several prompts from the College Board AP website, from their tutor, or from a test prep booklet. Students are encouraged to write a few thesis statements and show them to their teacher. One prompt probably wont give their teacher enough to go on, however,  writing 10 or 12 thesis statements, that may turn out to need improvement, can be overwhelming at the beginning of the year. 3 Write an Intro and a Conclusion Many students can write excellent body paragraphs but, for one reason or another, cant write a cohesive intro and conclusion. Often the intro is decent and the conclusion is decent but they dont fit together. To write an excellent AP quality essay, its important to master the art of the intro and conclusion first.  Students are encouraged to write an intro and conclusion but skip the body paragraphs when they are doing extra practice at home or with a tutor. This way they can look directly at both and see what fits together and what doesnt. The first thing to look out for is if the conclusion offers any new information, which it shouldnt (READ: Ask a Nerd! Taking the AP Exam). 4 Get an AP Test Prep Book The vast majority of AP students wait to get a test prep book until they’re a few weeks away from their final exam in May. This can cause students a lot of issues, especially concerning the essay portion. The test prep booklets offer excellent examples and prompts that enable students to practice above and beyond what is required in the classroom. Students who are currently enrolled in any AP course that requires essays is advised to order a test prep book ASAP. 5 Write a Rough Draft and Go From There Another thing that trips up many student writers is the pursuit of perfection. When students attempt to make their essay “perfect”, they often develop writers block and spend hours upon hours writing one essay that should only take 40 minutes. At this point in the year, students are encouraged to write a rough draft and then spend time editing, refining, and perfecting the essay later on. Part of being a great student writer is being an editor as well. Additionally, students can show the rough draft to their teacher or tutor and discover which areas they need improvement in. This can save them a lot of time and frustration in the long run (READ: Ask A Nerd! I Bombed My AP Exam, Whats Next?). Taking AP classes this semester? Score high on your AP essays with the help of an Irvine AP tutor. Contact us today for details! All blog entries, with the exception of guest bloggers, are written by Tutor Nerds. Are you an education professional? If so, email us at pr@tutornerds.com for guest blogging and collaborations. We want to make this the best free education resource in SoCal, so feel free to suggest what you would like to see us write.

Is the Organic Chemistry Tutor Good For You?

Is the Organic Chemistry Tutor Good For You?Is the organic chemistry tutor good for you? If you are thinking about becoming a chemistry tutor and you would like to know more about it, this article may be useful to you. One of the most important aspects that you must consider when searching for a tutor is the extent of the background in the field of chemistry.You should be able to advise him/her on the basics such as the material required and on the formulas, which are used in learning to become a teacher of this subject. Moreover, if you have some experience in the matter, you can use this to your advantage to make sure that you have the right qualifications to become a good teacher of this subject.Another one of the main aspect of searching for a tutor is the reputation that he/she has. Sometimes, you might not get an honest evaluation of the tutor's work, if you find out that they are on a list of the most common ones that exist, which some of them are also on some online websites. So, to avoid all this trouble, you should look for someone with a very good reputation, who can give you unbiased and reliable advice and recommendations.Another important aspect of searching for a tutor is to have some idea about the schools that offer such training. You can ask around among your friends or family members to help you out in finding some details about the various schools that offer such training and about the teachers there.Be careful with your research. This can be very beneficial and you will be able to save your time. But make sure that you choose the best school for your purpose, otherwise you will waste your money and time.You may have read that tutors can be of good quality, and you may have also read that they are easily available online. You can try searching for online tutorials from different online sites.Once you have done your research well, you will be able to decide whether a teacher with a good reputation is a good choice for you. You may even consul t your teachers to find out their opinion. To save yourself from making mistakes, make sure that you understand all the background of the tutor and that you are not being cheated by them.

Is a Calculus Tutoring Program For You?

Is a Calculus Tutoring Program For You?The application of calculus tutoring in classrooms can be a great addition to the coursework, but finding the time that is available can be difficult. It is something that cannot be overemphasized, even for students who are highly motivated. You need to know what you want to accomplish with your study and take the time to find the tutoring sessions that fit in your schedule.Your options include classes at home, an online class, or study at a tutor's office. It can be a difficult decision, especially when you are juggling a career, family and life. But if you decide to go with a class at home or a tutoring program, it will be worth it in the end.Calculus tutoring can be a valuable tool for both students and instructors. It is more than just taking a class with a person that has been there and done that. The power of a tutoring session is that it provides practice to be used in the real world. A class at home does not provide this advantage.Calcul us tutoring is often found at the school and college level. If you are considering enrolling in a class, consider the online option. Online classes are generally less expensive than a traditional classroom setting. Because you are working at your own pace, you can take your time when studying to build your grades. It can also be more convenient for your life, as you can work while caring for your family.Calculus tutoring can be invaluable for students who are taking the course for the first time. You will be able to make improvements in the material you already know without having to re-learn everything. But you may not be able to make your efforts shine with a more experienced student. It can help to work closely with a student who is enrolled in a tutor's office to help you get the most out of your classes.Once you have studied calculus, you will have a great understanding of the concepts and will be ready to move on to the next step in your studies. Most calculus tutors work with you on setting up your calendar, completing the assignment, and finding the time to finish the assignment. It is important to find the best service to meet your needs.Finding calculus tutoring can be a good addition to your curriculum. However, it is important to find someone who will work with you from the start, from the time you are interested in calculus to the time you are doing your real exams.

Decimal to Percent

Decimal to Percent Conversion of decimal into percentage tool converts the decimal into the percentage form. This tool adapts step by step method for conversion. For the conversion of decimal into percent two important methods are always followed which are described below:- 1. One method is :- MULTIPY THE NUMBER WITH 100 In this method we simply multiply the number with 100 and put a percentage sign For example: A. Convert 0.58 to percent 0.58= 0.58*100 = 58% 2. One method is :- MOVE THE DECIMAL POINT TO TWO PLACES TOWARDS THE RIGHT This is the simplest way to convert decimal to percent. In this we just shift the decimal point two places towards the right. The percentage sign is also put at the end. For example: A. Convert 0.78 to percent 0.78= 0.78 7.8 =78 = 78% Question 1:- Convert 0.873 into percent. Solution: STEP 1: Multiply the number 0.873 with 100, that is 0.873*100= 87.3 = STEP 2: Put the percentage sign at the end to show it is per 100. = Therefore, now 87.3% = Hence, 0.873= 87.3% Alternative solution: = The other method to convert is to move the decimal points two places towards the right which is done in the following way: = 0.873= 8.73/10 = 87.3/100 = 87.3 % = Now, put percentage sign at the end. Thus 0.873= 87.3% Question 2. Convert 0.904 into percentage Solution: Converting 0.904 into percent = STEP 1: Multiply the number by 100 = 0.904*100= 90.4 = STEP 2: Attach the percentage sign to it = Therefore, 90.4% = Hence, 0.904= 90.4%

Visiting the Vatican City

Visiting the Vatican City Everything You Need to Know About Visiting the Vatican ChaptersPlanning a Trip to the VaticanThe Best Parts of the Vatican CityThe History of the Vatican CityWhy Should You Visit the Vatican Museum?“You don't need to be more Catholic than the Pope”Visiting the Vatican is an essential part of any visit to the Italian capital.  This small city-state is home to 799 inhabitants but visited by 6 million people every year. This means 7,509 tourists visit for each resident.  Tourists tend to visit the Vatican’s museums, the Sistine Chapel, Saint Peter’s Square, and Saint Peter’s Basilica.The Vatican and the Holy See is effectively an absolute monarchy with the pope, the Roman Pontiff, and the bishop of Rome exercising the executive, legislative, and judiciary powers.Thinking about going to Rome?In this article, we’re looking at everything you need to know about the Vatican. DanielaItalian Teacher 5.00 (9) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LuciaItalian Teacher 5.00 (4) £17/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors Maril ùItalian Teacher 5.00 (8) £22/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MarcoItalian Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AntonellaItalian Teacher 5.00 (2) £14/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors GiusyItalian Teacher 5.00 (3) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors EnricoItalian Teacher 5.00 (2) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors FedericaItalian Teacher 5.00 (2) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsPlanning a Trip to the VaticanThe Janiculum was once the residence of the Roman nobility. If you want to visit the Vatican, we recommend you avoid summer. (Source: TravelCoffeeBook)The site of the Vatican is full of archaeological remains dating back to the Antiquity.  It’s effectively an open-air museum with over 2,000 years of history and art history.  Since the reign of Emperor Constantine to the 4th century and during the time of the Papal States (752-1870), the popes have collected art since the High Antiquity.So how can you plan to see the Vatican?To get to the Vatican from the UK, you can always compare flights to Rome on Skyscanner.  There are plenty of flights including from London to Rome for as little as £40 return.From the centre of Rome, you can walk to the Vatican by taking the Porta Sant’Anna.  There are plenty of buses that go to the Vatican from Rome, stopping at Risogimento or Largo di Porta Cavalleggeri.  To visit Saint Peter’s Basilica and the museums at the Vatican, you can also take the Metro Line A, getting off at Ottaviano or Cipro.In the Va tican, there’s no low season or high season, it’s busy the whole year round and welcomes 16,438 visitors a day (6 million annually). The best time to visit the Vatican is in autumn, winter, or spring as it tends to be slightly quieter than summer.In terms of the weather, the Vatican has a Mediterranean climate resulting in warm dry weather in the summer and mild winters.The Omnia Vatican Card will give you two free visits, and free access to public transport for €113. It’s valid for 3 days and allows you to visit one of the world’s best art collections. You can also get a queue-jump ticket for the attractions. There are plenty of tickets that combine the Colosseum, Villa Borghese, the Vatican museums, Sistine Chapel, and the Apostolic Palace.  Don’t miss the dome at the Sistine Chapel, Apollo Belvedere, and Laocoon and His Sons.The Best Parts of the Vatican CityWhat can you see in the Vatican?Despite its small size, the Vatican is home to plenty of art dating back to the Antiquity. Saint Peter's Square and Basilica are where most tourists go first. (Source: TravelCoffeeBook)Whether you’re a pilgrim, practising Christian, or just a tourist who loves art and history, there’s something at the Vatican for everyone.The most popular attractions at the Vatican include:Saint Peter's SquareSaint Peter's BasilicaThe Sistine ChapelThe Vatican MuseumsThe Vatican GardensSaint Peter's Square was designed in a baroque style by Gian Lorenzo Bernini to welcome as many pilgrims as possible to the pope’s speeches.  Don’t miss the dome with the statues and works from Michaelangelo.  The obelisk in the centre of the square was brought to Rome from Egypt by Caligula. It was originally constructed nearly 4,000 years ago.Saint Peter's Basilica was built between 1506 and 1626 and the largest Christian church in the world. It welcomes 150,000 visitors each Sunday for the “Angelus Blessing”.  It’s the resting place of Saint Peter and many other popes.How could you visit the Vatican without visiting the Sistine Chapel?Built between 1477 and 1483, this is where the cardinals meet to elect the new pope.  It’s famous for the ornate arch, the frescoes painted by Michaelangelo, including The Last Judgment and paintings by Pietro Perugino, Botticelli, Ghirlandaio, Rosselli, and Pinturicchio.Finally, there’s the Vatican Museums, which include a total of 12 museums including the Pinacotheca, the Gregorian Egyptian, Etruscan, and Profane museums, and the Chiaramonti Museum.The museums are closed on Sundays but from Monday to Friday, you can visit the museums.The History of the Vatican CityEven though the Vatican has been recognised as a sovereign state since the Lateran Treaty of 11 February 1929, it dates back to the Roman Antiquity. The Vatican includes thousands of years worth of art. (Source: waldomiguez)The Vatican’s history dates back to when the Vatican Hill was home to Roman nobility including Agrippina, the mother of Caligula and grandmother of Nero.  Caligula built the Circus of Nero. The obelisk in Saint Peter's Square dates back to then.After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Vatican Hill became the residence of the popes. In the 5th century, Pope Symmachus built a palace.During the Feudal Age, the popes received donations from kings and princes, resulting in them possessing a colossal fortune.  The pope became one of the largest landholders in Europe and was master of the Papal States, which allowed the Vatican to assert its power.During the Italian Renaissance, the popes were veritable patrons of the arts. While the pope’s authority was increasingly challenged by humanist ideals, they continued to increase their collection of art.Rationality, individualism, crusades, and political and social tens ion between the Medicis, Orsini, Borgia, and Colonna families all contributed to reducing the pope’s power.  Paradoxically, this was when the largest buildings in the Vatican were built:The Sistine ChapelSaint Peter's BasilicaCortile del BelvedereThe invasion of Latium by Napoleon’s troops in 1798 resulted in the Vatican falling under French control.  It was liberated following the fall of the French Empire in 1815 but the unification of Italy caused the papal states to disappear in 1870, driving the pope back to the Vatican.As Rome was declared the capital of Italy and the pope’s powers were weakened, the dispute known as the Roman Question took place between Italy and the Papacy.This was resolved on 11 February 1929, when the Vatican was recognised as a sovereign city-state where the pope was given political and spiritual authority over the territory.Find out more about planning a trip to the Vatican.Why Should You Visit the Vatican Museum?When you visit Rome, you’ll proba bly think about visiting the Roman Forum, Piazza Navona, the Trevi Fountain, the Pantheon, etc. In addition to being a popular pilgrimage site, the Vatican is also home to magnificent architecture and art. (Source: gullah)But should you visit the Vatican if you’re neither Catholic nor a fan of large crowds?Here are some good reasons to visit the Vatican:The art collectionsThe Apostolic PalaceEuropean art and historyArchaeological remainsThere are 4 million visitors to the Vatican Museums each year, which is hardly surprising given that there are 2,000 years of history across several miles of corridors.  You can explore various ages throughout history:The Gregorian Egyptian Museum: from the Neolithic Period to the Age of the Pharaohs.The Gregorian Etruscan Museum: with objects from archaeological digs from the 9th century BCE to the 1st century BCE.The Ethnological Museum, with its collection of over 80,000 pieces of art from as early as prehistoric times.Pio Clementino Museum: The largest of the 12 museums with collections from the Greek and Roman Antiquity.In the Apostolic P alace, there’s the Sistine Chapel, which attracts most of the Vatican’s visitors.  Inaugurated 15th August 1483, it’s regularly visited for the dome and frescoes painted by Michaelangelo.  In addition to these monuments, you can also visit the Niccoline Chapel and the Raphael Rooms, which are filled with masterpieces from the Italian Renaissance.  Finally, don’t miss the Bramante Staircase!We recommend that you visit the Vatican either early in the morning or at the end of the afternoon to avoid the crowds.Before you go to the Vatican, consider learning some Italian. While Latin is also the official language of the Vatican, you'll get much farther with Italian. There are plenty of talented Italian tutors on Superprof who can help you with this.With three different types of tutorial available, face-to-face tutorials, online tutorials, and group tutorials, each with their pros and cons, you need to carefully choose which one is right for you and your learning objectives.Face-t o-face tutorials take place with just you and the tutor. Since this involved a lot of extra work for the tutor outside of the tutorials, you'll pay a premium for these types of tutorials. However, with the tutor's undivided attention, these tutorials are also the most cost-effective tuition you can get.Online tutorials come with a lot of the same benefits as face-to-face tutorials but your tutor won't be there in the room with you. With fewer travel expenses, your tutor can charge less for the tutorials.Finally, group tutorials involve several students and one tutor. You won't get as much one-on-one time with your tutor but you also won't pay as much per hour as the cost tutor's time is shared amongst all the students in the tutorial.

CO2 Molecular Geometry

CO2 Molecular Geometry CO2 Molecular Geometry Molecular Geometry: The three dimensional structural arrangement of different atoms in a molecule is called as Molecular Geometry. There are different types of molecular structure formations depending on the number of covalent bonds. The VSEPR theory which also means valence shell electron pair repulsion theory is used to decide the geometrical structure of the given molecule. How is VSEPR theory used in Molecular Geometry? According to the VSEPR theory the number of valence electrons on the central atom decide the molecular structure of the compound. The central atom can either form bond pairs or lone pairs with its valence electrons. The bond pairs are formed when the central atom shares the electrons with another atom. The lone pair are the electrons which belong to the central atom in a molecule and are not shared with any other atom. Lone pairs are also called as non-bonding pair of electrons. Here is how the number of bond pairs and lone pairs can be calculated for a given atom. Number of bonding electrons = (Total possible valence shell electrons) - (Valence shell electrons of the atom) Number of non-bonding electrons = (Total possible valence shell electrons) 2 x (number of bonding electrons) Using the formulas for finding the bonding and non-bonding electrons for some atoms: Atom Total number of valence electrons possible. Number of valence electrons Number of bonding electrons Number of non-bonding electrons Carbon C 8 4 8 - 4 = 4 8 -2 (4) = 0 Nitrogen N 8 5 8 - 5 = 3 8 2 (3) = 2 Oxygen O 8 6 8 - 6 = 2 8 2 (2) = 4 Fluorine F 8 7 8 - 7 = 1 8 2 (1) = 6 Neon Ne 8 8 8 - 8 = 0 8 - 2 (0) = 8 According to the table mentioned above here is how the atoms will look like: Depending on the number of bonding pairs and the lone pairs the molecular geometry of atoms can be predicted. Here is the table mentioned by the VSEPR theory: Bonding Electron pairs Lone pairs Shape of the Molecule Angle 2 0 Linear 1800 3 0 Trigonal Planar 1200 2 1 Bent 1200 4 0 Tetrahedral 109.50 3 1 Trigonal Pyramidal 109.50 2 2 Bent 109.50 5 0 Trigonal Bipyramid 900, 1200, 1800. 4 1 Seesaw 900, 1200, 1800 3 2 T-Shaped 900, 1800 2 3 Linear 1800 6 0 Octahedral 900, 1800 5 1 Square Pyramidal 900, 1800 4 2 Square Planar 900, 1800 CO2 Molecular Geometry: For the Carbon di-oxide molecule, Carbon is the central atom and it forms covalent bonds with the two oxygen atoms. The first step is to write the electronic configuration for the carbon atom and check for the number of valence electrons it has. The Carbon atom has an atomic number of 6. The electronic configuration of Carbon is 1s2, 2s2, 2p2. The number of valence electrons of carbon is 4. As already shown in the table above Carbon has 4 bonding electrons and no lone pairs. The Carbon atom needs 4 more electrons to reach the stable state configuration. Hence it forms 4 covalent bonds. The Oxygen atom has the atomic number of 8. The electronic configuration of Oxygen atom is 1s2, 2s2, 2p4. The number of valence electrons for Oxygen is 6. As already shown in the table above Oxygen has 4 non-bonding electrons (2 lone pairs) and 2 bonding electrons. The Oxygen atoms needs two more electrons to reach the stable sate configuration. Hence it forms two covalent bonds. Using the VSEPR theory for Molecular Geometry, CO2 has linear shape. Central atom carbon forms double bonds with each Oxygen atom [C=O]. Due to the sharing of electrons Carbon and Oxygen now have 8 electrons in the outermost shell. As the molecular Structure for the Carbon di-oxide CO2 molecule is linear, it has an angle of 1800. Since the Oxygen atom has 2 lone pairs, it pulls the shared bond pair of electrons towards itself due to which there is an electronegativity generated in the carbon oxygen bond formation. This is the reason carbon oxygen double bond is polar covalent. However as there are two oxygen atoms on both sides they form symmetry due to which the CO2 molecule is non-polar.

Vocal Tips Structuring Your Practice Time

Vocal Tips Structuring Your Practice Time Suzy S. You know the importance of practicing but do you know how exactly to organize your practice sessions for the most effective use of your time? Read on for helpful advice from Saint Louis, MO teacher Cathy C Voice students do you LOVE singing?   Isn’t it wonderful to listen to singers perform their art beautifully?   Do you get chills when the most powerful part of your favorite piece is sung with emotion and skill? Guess what?   When you practice, you get to do what you love you get to sing!   Your practice time is the chance to experiment, self-assess, gain skill and emotionally connect with the music. You practice so that when performance time comes, you can share the joy of making music with your listeners. But how do you structure this time? Vocal practice sessions are not a one-size-fits-all kind of work.   Vocal students need to be self-aware enough to assess what works for them in relation to the particular musical goal they hope to achieve.    Some questions to ask are: (1) What is my goal for this week?   (2) Do I have all the supplies I need?   (3) What warm-ups should I use to help me focus on my weekly goal?   (4) Where should I practice in order to meet my goal?   Does the space matter to me? Once you answer those questions, you will know what you need to do when you sing in order to make progress. GOALS: Goals should be set in each lesson as a teacher-student partnership.   You should leave each lesson knowing what you should work on between lessons.   If that is not clear, your voice teacher can help you! SUPPLIES: Do you have everything you need to reach your goal?  Necessary items may include accompaniment recordings, stands, printed music, alternate recordings or online links, a personal recording device, a mirror, and note-taking materials. WARM-UP: Just as runners stretch before they head out for a training run, vocalists need to warm up the body and voice.   Vocalists should be engaging the breath and all of the vocal embouchure (jaw, lips, tongue, pallet, teeth), and also establishing mental focus.  Specific warm-up exercises that cater to the end-goal are also important. LOCATION: Some students need solitude and quiet, some need the shower (yes, it’s true), and some need an audience.   You know what works best for you! Consider that mental rehearsing counts as practice and can be done anywhere you can mentally focus.   Lyrics can be memorized in the car or during an exercise session, and vowels can be sung in nearly any location.   Time spent listening to recordings of yourself (in the car, for example) is valuable and will help move you toward your goal. Structure your practice time around who you are as a person and what your singing goal for the week is! Enjoy the effort and the results.   Staying goal-focused will move you along and help you make the most of your vocal lessons! Cathy C. teaches guitar, singing, music performance and songwriting lessons to students of all ages in Saint Louis, MO. Her specialties include classical voice, pop voice, contemporary Christian guitar and voice, folk guitar and acoustic; she is also a Board Certified Music Therapist. Learn more about Cathy, or visit TakeLessons to find a teacher near you! Photo by D Simmonds